I would like to thank Mr. Vice President Hirsch for the very friendly words and congratulations.

My colleagues from the cluster are very happy and are aware of our responsibility and also of the joy that is associated with the cluster.

I would also like to thank the Commission for the Equality of Opportunities, the FAU and the head of the Office for Gender and Diversity, Dr. Michael Luthay, for the reference for today's lecture.

I am very pleased and honored to be associated with this recognition.

The lecture gives me the opportunity to briefly remind a remarkable scientist who made her academic start in Erlangen, Emy Nöther.

Emy Nöther was born in 1882, I myself am from the year 1982.

Today's lecture allows me to draw some comparisons to women in science, which I will focus on in the special field of law.

And as we have agreed, Vice President Hirsch has already mentioned some of the things, I will recapitulate them from my perspective.

The lecture is also an opportunity to give a look into a part of my research.

The topic of my lecture is the dilemma of the delimited world between international cooperation and national isolation.

The topic contains two terms that we need to approach and that I must explain first.

First, delimitation and then dilemma.

If we draw the dots, the dilemma is defined as a situation in which someone is in a situation where he has to choose between two difficult situations.

Delimitation describes the process of breaking away from one's limits and freeing oneself from the limitations.

The two terms are related and structured in my lecture.

In the first part I will use them as a lens to briefly look at the course of Emy Nöther.

In the second part, they are the analytical perspective for me to look at the civil rights in my field.

Ten years ago, in 2015, the civil law was perceived as very euphoric and was most optimistically described as a cooperative order between states.

In addition, it is also described as a legal order of a community of people and states, at least in the existing international community,

in which global problems are solved together by means of universal norms.

The feeling that we live in a world community has moved far away in these days.

In light of warlike conflicts and growing nationalisms, our view of the power of cooperation in the field of civil rights in 2025 is sobering.

Global phenomena such as climate protection or cybersecurity remain virulent and raise questions about the possibilities of reaction,

which I would like to deal with in my lecture.

We have already heard from the vice president that the framework conditions in which Emy Nöther's world career as a mathematician

seems to characterize the keywords of exclusion and the dilemma of exactly matching.

First of all, her career, her professional career, as we have just learned, was an act of liberation from the social expectations and social patience,

boundaries and traditions.

She did graduate as a teacher, but then made her degree and first studied as a guest speaker, then as a regular math student in Erlangen.

She was the only woman under 46 at the time.

She was promoted with the highest grade Summa Cum Laude and was the second German and ninth woman ever to have been promoted in mathematics in Germany.

She completed her habitation in Göttingen until, after the power-grabbing of the National Socialists due to her Jewish origin and social democratic mentality,

she lost her teaching capacity in 1933. She was expelled and had to emigrate to the USA, where she died in 1935.

What is actually the tragedy of her emigration after a rather unwavering academic career was shaped by various dilemmas,

both on the inter-human level and institutionally. The vice president has already mentioned many of them.

She lived in a state of compulsion because, despite her full-time job and proven academic excellence,

she did not have a decent professor in Erlangen or Göttingen, and did not receive any regular salary.

Only in the USA, after her emigration, this was to change.

Before she was habilated, she was rejected twice for her habitation desires, because she was a woman.

And that, although she had become a mathematician by now, was a world-class thing.

Among other things, Albert Einstein himself, who in 1918 in a letter to the professors of Göttingen

had started to blame the injustice that emigrants were still denied teaching capacity.

Institutionally, the framework for the habitation of women was not yet set.

Only in 1920, one year after Eminöter was habilated with an exception permit,

the general abdication came into force. I quote,

that there should be no obstacle to the female gender's accession to the habitation.

The female gender as an obstacle to the colleague circle, Eminöter, is widely spread,

as numerous reports prove.

On the one hand, because of the belief that the female understanding is generally limited

and especially not able to do higher mathematical abstraction.